It is suggested that you use Python instead of Shell to manipulate text files!!

Besides passing an unsigned integer as parameter to the option -n, you can also pass a signed integer to it. When a signed integer is passed to -n, it means from/to (inclusive/exclusive similar to …

Debian Apt Sources List Generator

Personally, I prefer stable with backports. Testing is also good but still update might introduce critial bugs sometimes. It is not easy to maitainly a stable and update to date balance. You can certainly use multi-sources, i.e., use stable, testing, sid and experimental at …

Suppose you have a production server that you want to visit via SSH, however, it is not accessible directly. Instead, you have to visit it from a bastion/proxy server. You can configure SSH to use the bastion/proxy server when visiting the production server.

Host <production_server>
ProxyCommand ssh <proxy_server …

It is suggested that you use Python instead of Shell to manipulate text files!

Please refer to Advanced Use of "head" and "tail" on how to use head and tail for printing rows from a text file. These 2 commands are convenient when you want to take head/tail rows …

1. If you don't already know the proxy in use (in your company), read the post Find out Proxy in Use to figure it out.

2. Put the following lines into your wget configuration file, which is usually ~/.wget.

   use_proxy = on
   http_proxy = http://username:password@proxy_ip:port
   https_proxy = http://username:password@proxy_ip …