Rename Rows and Columns in a pandas DataFrame

import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], "y": [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]})
df

Rename column x to x1.

df.rename(columns={"x": "x1"}, inplace=True)
df

Or you can reassign values to DataFrame.columns.

df.columns = ["v1", "v2"]
df

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