A string is essentially a sequence of characters. This is how string is implemented in many programming languages (string in Java is different). For this reason, you can operate string like an array in some programming languages. This post is a shallow summary on strings in different programming languages. For a deep discussion, please check other posts.
Representate¶
C++: double quotes (single quotes for char type)
Java: double quotes (single quotes for char type)
Bash: single or double quotes (double quotes allows expansion of varialbes while single quotes not)
Python: single or double quotes (exchangeable)
Ruby: single or double quotes (single preserve escapes while double interpret them)
R: single or double quotes (exchangeable)
Substring¶
C++: use iterators and constructor of the std::string class
Java: substring() as a method
Bash:
${str:0:3}wherestris a string variablePython: used like an array
str[2:],str[:2],x[:-2], ...Ruby:
slice()as a method or used like an array str[3..-1], str[2,3], ...R:
substr()as a function
Concatenate¶
C++: +
Java: +
Bash:
"${str1}other_str"wherestr1is a string variable. If no white space, double quotes can be omittedPython: +
Ruby: +
R: paste() as a function
Length¶
C++: size() as a method
Java: length() as a method
Bash:
${#v}wherevis a variable in bashPython: len() as a function
Ruby: length() as a method